Role of Mri In The Diagnosis Of Epilepsy In Children

Youssf, A.F.; Shwaky, K.M.; El Ghaiaty, H.A.; Soliman, F.I.

doi:10.21608/bjas.2021.214404

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	Role of Mri In The Diagnosis Of Epilepsy In Children
Article 18, Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2021, Page 155-159 PDF (591.5 K)
Document Type: Original Research Papers
DOI: 10.21608/bjas.2021.214404
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Authors
A.F. Youssf¹; K.M. Shwaky²; H.A. El Ghaiaty³; F.I. Soliman¹
¹Radiodiagnosis, Dept., Faculty of Medicine, Benha Univ., Benha, Egypt
²Radiodiagnosis, Dept., Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig Univ., Zagazig, Egypt
³Pediatric, Dept., Faculty of Medicine, Benha Univ., Benha, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in the world, with 85% of the 50 million with the disease living in developing countries Thus, accurate diagnostic classification is essential to establishment of the appropriate treatment plane. The aim of this work to evaluate the role of new techniques of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of causes of epilepsy on 40 cases in children age group. Methods: This study was conducted on 40 children with epilepsy. The study. Patients were referred to the Radiodiagnosis Department from: the Pediatric Neurology Outpatient Clinic in Benha and Zagazig University Hospitals. Results: The patient group included a total of 40 patients, 17 (42.5%) females and 23 (57.5%) males with age ranging from 1 to 15 years (mean 8.93 ± 4.01 years). Demographic data of our patient and control groups. According to clinical type of seizures provisionally diagnosed by referral, complex partial seizures are the most common (50%) followed by partial seizures with secondary generalization (27.5%) and simple partial seizures(20%). The duration of the disease illness at time of performing the MRI studies varied from 1 year to13 years (Mean 6.2 ± 3.17 years). The seizures frequency was ranging from one to ten attacks per month (Mean 4.19± 2.52 attacks per month). Right temporal lobe epilepsy were found in 10 (25%) patients, while Left temporal lobe epilepsy were found in 7 (17.5%) patient, Bilateral temporal lobe epilepsy was found in 9 (22.5%) patients, Right frontal lobe epilepsy were found in 6 (15%) patients, Left frontal lobe epilepsy were found in 3 (7.5%) patient, Bilateral frontal lobe epilepsy were found in 5 (12.5%) patients. Cortical dysplasia had been found in 9 (22.5%) patients, Polymicrogyra had been found in 4 (10%) patients; Sturge Weber disease had been found in 3 (7.5%) patients; Gliosis from acquired insult had been found in 11 (27.5%) patients, Hippocampal sclerosis had been found in 3 (7.5%) patients; Brain tumors had been found in 10 (25%) patients. Cortical dysplasia: focal area of cortical thickening displayed hypointense to isointense to gray matter in T1, hypreintense in T2 and FLAIR, no significant post contrast enhancement. Polymicrogyra: thickened gyri and shallow sulci displayed isointense signal to gray matter in T1, T2 and FLAIR. Sturge Weber syndrome: localized prominent leptomeningeal enhancement and ipsilateral choroidal enlargement. Gliosis: focal area of abnormal signal displayed isointense signal at T1, high signal at T2 and FLAIR, no significant post contrast enhancement. Volume loss of affected lobe and evacodilalation of related ventricle had been observed. Hippocampal sclerosis: Decreased size and abnormal signal of hippocampus with prominent ipsilateral temporal horn. It displayed high signal on T2 and FLAIR. Conclusion: Multimodality neuroimaging with MRI imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and magnetic source imaging plays an essential role in noninvasively localizing epileptogenic foci for possible surgical resection
Keywords
MRI; Diagnosis; Epilepsy; Children


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