Comparison between Trans-Abdominal Ultrasound and Multislice CT in Evaluation of Patients with Suspected Intestinal Obstruction

Background: Intestinal obstruction is a critical and potentially life-threatening condition that necessitates swift and accurate diagnosis to guide appropriate management strategies. Trans-abdominal ultrasound and multislice computed tomography (MSCT) are pivotal in the diagnostic process, each offering unique advantages and inherent limitations. This review compares these modalities to elucidate their diagnostic efficacy in evaluating suspected intestinal obstruction.
Methods: This narrative review synthesized findings from key studies and clinical guidelines to evaluate the roles of trans-abdominal ultrasound and multislice computed tomography in the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Relevant articles were selected based on their impact on clinical practice and advancements in imaging technology, with a focus on publications from the last ten years that highlight critical comparisons between the two modalities.
Conclusion: Both trans-abdominal ultrasound and MSCT are indispensable tools in the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction, each contributing uniquely to clinical workflows. Ultrasound is highlighted for its utility in rapid, safe, and cost-effective initial assessments, particularly in sensitive populations such as pregnant women and children, due to its non-ionizing nature. MSCT, on the other hand, excels in providing detailed visualizations of the abdominal cavity, thereby offering higher diagnostic accuracy and better evaluation of associated complications like ischemia or perforation. Effective use of these modalities can significantly enhance the diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes for patients with suspected intestinal obstruction.